How is poetic truth higher than historical truth?
According to Aristotle poetry is more philosophical than history. He differentiates poetry from history in the following manner-
(i) History deals with particular persons, places or things; but poetry is not circumscribed by geographical limitations and it deals with the truth of a universal kind, with the permanent
features and tendencies of human beings.
(ii) In a historical narrative, the various events and incidents are narrated in chronological order and so the causal connection between them is obscured. But in poetry, there is a causal connection between the various incidents and events.
(iii) History deals with facts-what have actually happened; Poetry transforms those particular facts into universal truths. The poet thus needs an insight into human nature, a knowledge or grasp of principles.
Thus poetry deals with the inner reality, the core of life, the universal in life; history deals with facts. Hence poetic truth is higher and more philosophical than historical truth.